In Silico Evaluation of Ciplukan (Physalis angulata Linn.) Compounds as Potential Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors for Antidepressant Development

Azki Alfazahrah; Alifda Nurhayati; Bianti Meylia Wijaya; Larasati Arum Sari; Nabila Dinar Wulan; Luthfi Ahmad Muchlashi

doi:10.33759/jrki.v8i2.953

Authors

Azki Alfazahrah Brawijaya University
Alifda Nurhayati Brawijaya University
Bianti Meylia Wijaya Brawijaya University
Larasati Arum Sari Brawijaya University
Nabila Dinar Wulan Brawijaya University
Luthfi Ahmad Muchlashi Brawijaya University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33759/jrki.v8i2.953

Keywords:

Depression, Antidepressant, Molecular docking, Psychotrine, Catechin, Eriodictyol

Abstract

Starfruit (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) is not only a commonly consumed as a fruit but is also widely used in traditional medicine. The plant has long been utilized by the communities to help treat various ailments, including coughs and rectal inflammation. This study aimed to determine the total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of the ethanol extracts of Averrhoa bilimbi leaves fractionated using n-hexane. The extraction process was carried out using the maceration method with 70% ethanol, followed by fractionation with 95% n-hexane to separate active compounds from the crude extract. The total flavonoid content in the n-hexane fraction of the ethanol extract was measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 229-230 nm, while antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH method at 515 nm. The results showed that the total flavonoid content of the n-hexane fraction of the ethanol extract was 37.3 mgQE/g extract. The antioxidant activity test produced an IC50 value of 6.58 μg/mL, compared to a standard IC50 value of 2.45 μg/mL for Askorbat acid. These findings indicate that the n-hexane fraction of Averrhoa bilimbi leaves ethanol extract possesses very strong antioxidant properties.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

1. Simanjunrak, T. D., Noveyani, A. E. & Kinanthi, C. A. 2022. Prevalensi dan Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Simtom Depresi pada Penduduk di Indonesia (Analisis Data IFLS5 Tahun 2014-2015). Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia. 6(2): 97-104.

2. Shadrina, M., Bondarenko, E. A. & Slominsky, P. A. 2018. Genetics Factors in Major Depression Disease. Frontiers in Psychiatry. 9(334): 1-18.

3. Tian, H., Hu, Z., Xu, J. & Wang, C. 2022. The molecular pathophysiology of depression and the new therapeutics. MedComm. 3(3): 1-36.

4. Nautiyal, K. M. dan Hen, R. 2017. Serotonin Receptors in Depression: From A to B. F1000 Research. 6(1): 1-12.

5. Fadhli, H., Ruska, S. L., Furi, M., Suhery, W. N., Susanti, E. & Nasution, M. R. Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.): Review Tanaman Liar yang Berpotensi Sebagai Tanaman Obat. Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia. 15(2): 134-141.

6. Kartika, I., Anggadiredja, K., and Susanti, R. 2021. Review artikel: aktivitas antioksidan dari tanaman famili rubiaceae. Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Farmasyifa. 4(2): 1-11.

7. Harda, A. R., Sumayyah, S., and Indradi, R. B. 2023. Review article: bioactivity and chemical compound of the butterfly flower plan (Bauhinia purpurea Linn.). Indonesian Journal of Biological Pharmacy. 3(1): 49-54.

8. Mohamed, S., Amin, Faris, T., Abdellatif, A. 2021. Mental depression: relation to different disease status, newer treatment and its association with covid-19 pandemic (review). Molecular Medicine Reports. 24(839): 1-17

9. Aziz, A. and Lawan, G. R. 2020. Pengaruh ekstrak kentos kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.) terhadap penurunan immobility time sebagai antidepresan pada mencit (Mus musculus). Jurnal Kesehatan Yamasi Makassar. 4(1): 1-8.

10. Nurfahanum, R. 2022. Gambaran penggunaan obat antidepresan pada pasien depresi di RSUD EMBUNG Fatimah Kota Batam periode Januari-Desember 2020. Jurnal Health Sains. 3(3): 478-487

11. Aulena, D. N., & Fitriyani, D. 2022. Studi In Silico Enam Senyawa dari Caesalpinia bonduc L.(Robx) untuk Prediksi Toksisitas dan Interaksi pada Reseptor 5JMY sebagai Inhibitor Enzim Elastase. Sainteks. 19(2): 199-209.

12. Bitencourt-Ferreira, G. and de Azevedo, W.F., 2019. Molegro virtual docker for docking. Methods in Molecular Biology. 20(53): 149-167.

13. Ekeke, C., Obute, G. C., and Ogazie, C. A. 2019. HPLC Evaluation of Phenolic Compounds in Physalis angulata Linn. and Physalis micrantha Linn.(Solanaceae). European Journal of Medicinal Plants. 29(2): 1-9.

14. Szoka-Kovacs, Z., More, C. S. A. B. A., Szoke-Kovacs, R. I. T. A., Mathe, E. N. D. R. E., & Frecska, E. 2020. Selective inhibition of the serotonin transporter in the treatment of depression: Sertraline, fluoxetine and citalopram. Neuropsychopharmacol. Hung. 22(1): 4-15.

15. Kesuma, D., Purwanto, B. T., dan Hardjono, S. 2018. Uji in silico aktivitas sitotoksik dan toksisitas senyawa Turunan N-(Benzoil)-N’-feniltiourea sebagai calon obat antikanker. Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research. 3(1): 1-11.